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KMID : 0364820210570030133
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Korean Journal of Microbiology
2021 Volume.57 No. 3 p.133 ~ p.141
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Delafloxacin, a superior antibacterial agent to its competitor fluoroquinolones
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Azam Md. Ferdaus
Rahman Mohammad Saydur
Amin G M Al
Miah Md. Ibrahim
Koh Young-Sang
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Abstract
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The resistance of currently used antibiotics has emerged the necessity of a new one. Delafloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone derivative that is distinct from its competitors. Among the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, delafloxacin shows a broad spectrum of efficacy against a variety of microorganisms. Delafloxacin has large treatment potential for complicated intra-abdominal infections, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (ABECB), urogenital infections, etc. Delafloxacin exhibits a potent efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcu aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, S. aureus, and Enterobacteriaceae compared to levofloxacin and moxifloxacin. The potency of delafloxacin increases in acidic environment whereas other fluoroquinolones exhibit decreased potency in acidic media. The probability of antibiotic resistance cases is comparatively low for delafloxacin because its dual affinity for both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV is nearly equal. Delafloxacin usually eliminates via renal either as glucuronide conjugates or intact drugs. Dosage adjustment is necessary for severe renal impairment patients but not necessary for hepatic or mild to moderate renal impairment patients. The commonly observed adverse effects of delafloxacin are diarrhea, nausea, headache, vomiting, and transaminase elevations. Other fluoroquinolones have been reported to cause phototoxicity but it was not found in delafloxacin treatment. The overall information showed delafloxacin a superior antibacterial agent over other fluoroquinolones. In this review, we pointed out the upcoming use of delafloxacin for treating bacterial infections.
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KEYWORD
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ciprofloxacin, delafloxacin, fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
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